1Dislocations, Fracture Dislocations, and Instability RAFFY MIRZAYAN Anatomy Elbow stability is conferred by static and dynamic constraints. The primary stabilizers of the elbow are the ulnar collateral ligament (primarily the…
14Four-Part Proximal Humerus Fractures Treated with Hemiarthroplasty KIRK L. JENSEN The successful management of four-part proximal humeral fractures with prosthetic replacement requires the orthopedic surgeon to identify those patients who…
13Two- and Three-Part Fractures of the Proximal Humerus GREG M. OSGOOD AND CHRISTOPHER S. AHMAD With the increasing age of our elder population, the incidence of proximal humerus fractures is…
3Capitellum Fractures SCOTT H. KOZIN The capitellum represents the distal extension of the lateral column of the humerus. The spherical shape of the capitellum articulates with the concave radial head….
15Soft Tissue Coverage of the Shoulder MILAN STEVANOVIC AND FRANCES SHARPE Traumatic shoulder injuries are common. However, shoulder injuries associated with soft tissue loss requiring reconstruction are rare. The shoulder…
11Clavicle Fractures, Malunions, and Nonunions RICHARD S. RICHARDS II AND CARL J. BASAMANIA The clavicle is truly an elegant and unique bone that functions as the only link between the…
9Pediatric Elbow Fractures SEAN D. EARLY AND VERNON T. TOLO Elbow fractures are very common in children and often pose significant treatment challenges. Physical examination can be difficult, given the…
10Sternoclavicular Injuries STEVE SCLAMBERG AND JEFF VISOTSKY Sternoclavicular injuries are infrequent but often devastating.1–4 Because of its medial location and strong ligamentous supports, this joint, the only major connection between…
12Distal Clavicle Fractures and Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries STEPHEN J. FRANZINO, JEFFREY T. WATSON, AND RAFFY MIRZAYAN Injuries to the distal clavicle and acromioclavicular joint frequently fare well with minimal intervention…
2Radial Head Fractures NIKOLAOS T. ROIDIS, STAMATIOS A.PAPADAKIS, THEOFILOS KARACHALIOS, RAFFY MIRZAYAN, AND JOHN M. ITAMURA Fractures of the radial head are a very common injury of the elbow joint,…
