35 Extracapsular proximal femur fractures PAUL M. LAFFERTY Intertrochanteric fractures Subtrochanteric fractures References INTERTROCHANTERIC FRACTURES Introduction Hip fractures are associated with mortality, impaired function and decreased quality of life. The…

30 Cervical spine fractures PAUL A. ANDERSON Introduction Epidemiology Complexity of geriatric fractures Assessment of the geriatric cervical spine Classification of injury General principles of non-operative treatment Principles of surgical…

12 Falls ODDOM DEMONTIERO, DEREK BOERSMA AND GUSTAVO DUQUE Introduction Definition of falls Epidemiology of falls Epidemiology of injurious falls Causes/risk factors Consequences of falls Evaluation of the elderly individual…

29 Phalangeal fractures and dislocations GUANG YANG, EVAN P. McGLINN AND KEVIN C. CHUNG Introduction Epidemiology Anatomy Treatment considerations for elderly patients Phalangeal fractures Dislocations in the digits Conclusions References…

28 Metacarpal fractures MARK HENRY Introduction Epidemiology Classification Treatment Complications Summary References INTRODUCTION Elderly patients with metacarpal fractures have thinner cortices and a higher likelihood of fixation failure. On the…

18 Scapular fractures JAN BARTONÍČEK Introduction Epidemiology Anatomy Injury mechanism and associated injuries Diagnostics Classification of scapular fractures Treatment Complications Conclusion Acknowledgement References INTRODUCTION Unlike most other fractures in the…

22 Humeral diaphyseal fractures AMY S. WASTERLAIN AND KENNETH A. EGOL Introduction Anatomy Epidemiology Evaluation and classification Non-operative treatment Operative treatment Special considerations Complications References INTRODUCTION The incidence of diaphyseal…

31 Thoracolumbar and sacral fractures S. RAJASEKARAN, RISHI MUGESH KANNA, AJOY PRASAD SHETTY AND ANUPAMA MAHESH Thoracolumbar fractures Osteoporotic vertebral fractures Traumatic thoracolumbar injuries Sacral fractures References THORACOLUMBAR FRACTURES Introduction…

33 Acetabular fractures SAMEER JAIN AND PETER V. GIANNOUDIS Introduction Epidemiology Classification Radiology Treatment Complications References INTRODUCTION Background Fractures of the acetabulum in elderly patients are becoming increasingly common due…

34 Intracapsular proximal femoral fractures KJELL MATRE AND JAN-ERIK GJERTSEN Introduction Epidemiology Classification Clinical assessment Treatment Conclusions References INTRODUCTION Based on the current literature and estimates, the absolute number of…