83 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Scleroderma John Varga Key Points Scleroderma/systemic sclerosis (SSc) has a complex pathogenesis and protean clinical manifestations reflecting the underlying early immune dysregulation and microangiopathy, as…
88 Giant Cell Arteritis, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, and Takayasu’s Arteritis David B. Hellmann Key Points Giant cell arteritis affects adults older than 50 years. The most common manifestations of giant cell…
113 Rheumatic Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection John D. Reveille, Emily W. Hung Key Points With patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) living longer as a result of more…
23 Complement System John P. Atkinson Key Points The complement system is activated in the joints in rheumatoid arthritis and in vessel walls in vasculitis. Autoantibodies may activate the complement…
10 Mononuclear Phagocytes in Rheumatic Diseases Siamon Gordon Key Points Macrophages play an important role in tissue homeostasis and in cellular and humoral innate and adaptive immunity. Macrophages, dendritic cells,…
105 Heritable Diseases of Connective Tissue Deborah Krakow Key Points Heritable disorders of connective tissues are a diverse group of disorders and can be associated with extreme variation in height…
64 Cell-Targeted Biologics and Targets Rituximab, Abatacept, and Other Biologics Peter C. Taylor Key Points Rituximab is an effective biologic therapy across the spectrum of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-but with greatest…
27 Cell Survival and Death in Rheumatic Diseases Keith B. Elkon Key Points Cells die in different ways with the morphologic appearance of apoptosis, autophagy, or necrosis. Apoptosis proceeds through…
11 Neutrophils Jose U. Scher, Steven B. Abramson, Michael H. Pillinger Key Points Neutrophils are myeloid-lineage cells characterized by the presence of granules containing enzymes and other potentially toxic agents…
