96 Calcium Crystal Disease Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate and Basic Calcium Phosphate Robert Terkeltaub Key Points Dysregulated chondrocyte differentiation to hypertrophy and inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) metabolism are central in pathogenesis of…
85 Inflammatory Diseases of Muscle and Other Myopathies Kanneboyina Nagaraju, Ingrid E. Lundberg Key Points Myopathies are a heterogeneous group of muscle diseases characterized by symmetric proximal muscle weakness and…
78 Enteropathic Arthritis Frank A. Wollheim, Monika Ronneberger Key Points The gut wall is a leaky barrier exposed to commensal and pathogenic microorganisms. Microbiota are essential for maturation and regulation…
46 Shoulder Pain Scott David Martin, Thomas S. Thornhill Key Points Comprehension of functional anatomy allows diagnosis of most causes of shoulder pain on clinical examination. History and clinical examination…
94 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Hyperuricemia and Gout Robert T. Keenan, Johannes Nowatzky, Michael H. Pillinger Key Points Uric acid is the biologically active end product of human purine metabolism….
86 Overlap Syndromes Robert Bennett Key Points Diffuse connective tissue diseases are usually associated with autoimmunity to spliceosomal components (U-RNPs, heterogeneous RNPs), nucleosomal components (nucleosomes, DNA, histones), and proteosomal components…
71 Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis James R. O’Dell Key Points Diagnose rheumatoid arthritis (RA) early and initiate disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy at the time of diagnosis. Treat all patients…
69 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Gary S. Firestein Key Points Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex disease involving numerous cell types, including macrophages, T cells, B cells, fibroblasts,…
89 Antineutrophil Cytoplasm Antibody–Associated Vasculitis Caroline O.S. Savage, Lorraine Harper Key Points Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and allergic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (AGPA) are forms of vasculitis that…
77 Psoriatic Arthritis Oliver Fitzgerald Key Points Psoriatic arthritis should be suspected in a patient with an asymmetric joint distribution pattern who may have additional clinical features, such as dactylitis,…
