CHAPTER 61 “Very” Future Directions in Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery Michael Mac Millan, MD (Note to the reader: In order to describe the future directions of minimally invasive spinal surgery,…
CHAPTER 14 Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Monitoring of the Spine Dileep R. Nair, MD, Imad M. Najm, MD The primary objective in intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring is to identify and prevent the development…
CHAPTER 5 Lumbar Musculature Anatomy and Function Tom G. Mayer, MD, Eric A.K. Mayer, MD, Dale Reese, BSc, CPed Muscles are the dynamic stabilizers of the spine, with functions similar…
CHAPTER 9 Genetic Applications An Overview Edward Westrick, MD, Gwendolyn Sowa, MD, PhD, Scott D. Boden, MD, James D. Kang, MD Exciting developments in biomedical technology, molecular biology, and genetics…
CHAPTER 63 Nonoperative Management of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Daniel Mazanec, MD Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is best defined as a clinical syndrome of buttock or lower extremity pain, with or…
CHAPTER 60 Interspinous Process Decompressive Devices Clifford B. Tribus, MD The interspinous process space has increasingly become a target for spinal implants to address degenerative conditions of the lumbar spine….
CHAPTER 10 Outcomes Research for Spinal Disorders Adam M. Pearson, MD, Kevin Spratt, PhD, James N. Weinstein, DO Need for Outcomes Research Outcomes research can be defined simply as “the…
CHAPTER 38 Nonoperative Management of Cervical Disc and Degenerative Disorders Clayton L. Dean, MD, John M. Rhee, MD Degenerative, or spondylotic, cervical conditions comprise a spectrum of disorders including degenerative…
CHAPTER 6 The Intervertebral Disc Normal, Aging, and Pathologic Edward Westrick, MD, Gwendolyn Sowa, MD, PhD, James D. Kang, MD The intervertebral disc is a fibrocartilaginous structure whose principal function…
CHAPTER 27 Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis Suken A. Shah, MD, Faisal Mahmood, MD, K. Durga Nagraju, MD, DNB, Andrew H. Milby, MD Spondylolysis is defined as a defect in the pars…
