© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Francesco Feletti (ed.)Extreme Sports Medicine10.1007/978-3-319-28265-7_13 13. Ultramarathon Running: Medical Issues Beat Knechtle1, 2 (1) Facharzt FMH für Allgemeinmedizin, Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, Vadianstrasse 26, St Gallen, 9001, Switzerland (2) Institute of…
AAS 2279 50.6 % Stimulants 697 15.5 % Cannabinoids 406 9.0 % Glucocorticosteroids 365 8.1 % Diuretics and other masking agents 322 7.2 % Peptide hormones, growth factors, and related…
Fig. 5.1 High-altitude retinopathy. This fundus photograph shows the retina of a high-altitude climber at 6870 m, who participated in the Muztagh Ata study in 2005. Shown are (A) peripapillary…
Intensity/duration Recommended CHO intake Extreme sports Low to moderate intensity and duration (<1 h) 5–7 g/kg/day BMX Rock climbing Snowboarding/skiing Windsurfing Surfing Endurance athletes (1–3 h of moderate to high…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Francesco Feletti (ed.)Extreme Sports Medicine10.1007/978-3-319-28265-7_4 4. Infectious Diseases and Extreme Sports Ricardo Pereira Igreja1 (1) Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua von Martius…
Normative life Rock climbing life Informational noise: distraction and confusion of attention One-pointedness of mind Nebulosity of limits, demands, motivation, decisions, feedbacks Clarity and manageability of limits, demands, decisions, feedbacks…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Francesco Feletti (ed.)Extreme Sports Medicine10.1007/978-3-319-28265-7_3 3. Endocrine Responses to Extreme Sports Pawel Jozkow1 and Marek Medras2 (1) Division of Sports Medicine, University School of Physical Education, ul. Paderewskiego 35, Wroclaw, 51-612,…
E) of 7.5 l·min− 1 (15 × 0.5). The volume of each breath (tidal volume: VT) depends on body size and metabolic rate. Larger people have larger lungs and take larger breaths; they also…
*Mahler DA, Weinberg DH, Wells CK et al, 1984. The measurement of dyspnea: Contents, interobserver agreement, and physiologic correlates of two new clinical indexes. Chest 85, 751–758. Box 7.2B Transition…
Figure 1.1 Schematic diagram of the respiratory system. See text for details. (With permission from Thibodeau GA, Patton KT, 1996. Anatomy and physiology, 3rd edn. Mosby, St Louis.) The airways…
