Musculoskeletal Key

Fig. 20.1 Performing a cutback. Surfer: Kenneth Taylor. El Salvador Fig. 20.2 Dropping into an overhead wave. Surfer: Kenneth Taylor. Spot: Blacks Beach, San Diego (CA) Fig. 20.3 Top turn….

A 5 kg head travelling at 9.9 m/s has a kinetic energy of 245 J. Dropping the 5 kg head 5 m will result in the head having 245 J…

Fig. 19.1 Operation of the slider ). BASE jumping from lower objects often requires a rapid canopy deployment, and in these cases, the slider may be eliminated (slider off pack…

Fig. 18.1 Intermediate paraglider from 1987 Fig. 18.2 High-performance paraglider from 2012 18.2 Incidents and Injuries Epidemiological data on injuries in paragliding are mainly from retrospective case series or cross-sectional…

Fig. 10.1 Sport climbing 10.2.1.2 Bouldering Bouldering consists of ropeless climbing involving a short sequence of powerful and technical moves to complete the graded route on large rocks. Bouldering can…

Fig. 14.1 The side of a skateboard with the deck, truck, and wheels (Photo taken with permission at Railside Skateshop, Frankfurt/Main, Germany) Between the baseplate and the hanger are the…

Fig. 29.1 Top: on-water hiking on a laser dinghy boat. Bottom: simulated hiking on a laser bench (simulator) in the laboratory What makes dinghy hiking a different form of physical…

Figs. 11.1 Snowboarding jump (Photo by Jack Antal) 11.3 Skiing Injuries The mechanics of skiing involve a separate ski attached to each leg with a binding designed to release in…

Fig. 33.1 Orbital anatomy The ocular surface is protected by the tear film and the eyelids. Tears are a triphasic matrix, produced by cells in the conjunctiva, lacrimal gland and…

Fig. 12.1 Extreme mountain biking can be performed at incredible places, especially in mountainous areas (Photo courtesy of Manfred Stromberger) The idea of practicing mountain biking during the summer season…