Dendritic Cells
9 Dendritic Cells Shaukat Khan, Merja Ruutu, Ranjeny Thomas, Nina Bhardwaj Key Points Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells, abundant at body surfaces and within tissues, where they sense…
Clinical Trial Design and Analysis
32 Clinical Trial Design and Analysis Robert B.M. Landewé, Désirée M.F.M. van der Heijde Key Points Clinical trials play an important role in new drug development but also can serve…
Cell Recruitment and Angiogenesis
25 Cell Recruitment and Angiogenesis Zoltan Szekanecz, Alisa E. Koch Key Points Leukocyte recruitment through the vessel wall into the synovium is a crucial process in the pathogenesis of arthritis….
Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering
7 Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering Frank P. Luyten Key Points An understanding of the mechanisms of postnatal tissue repair provides potential therapeutic targets to enhance intrinsic tissue regeneration. Because…
Eosinophils
12 Eosinophils Jose U. Scher, Steven B. Abramson, Michael H. Pillinger Key Points Eosinophils are myeloid-lineage cells that contain many cytoplasmic granules consisting of proteins such as major basic protein,…
Head Injuries
Introduction The brain is arguably the human’s most precious organ. It is well protected by the skull, but it is large and heavy and so is prone to injury, especially…
Peripheral and Spinal Nerve Injuries
Diagnosis Nerve injuries are easily missed in the turmoil of major injuries, or if the patient is drunk or upset. Testing should be done by comparing sides, not by asking…
Initial Management of the Polytraumatised Patient
42 Initial management of the polytraumatised patient Introduction Patients involved in serious accidents are becoming rarer and rarer in developed countries, but are more likely than ever to arrive at…
Orthopaedics in Children
38 Orthopaedics in children Antenatal and birth checks Screening, genetic counselling, the withdrawal of teratogenic drugs and appropriate nutrition have greatly reduced the incidence of spina bifida and other congenital…
Case Studies: Answers
Case 1: Acute joint disease 1 The most crucial piece of information is that the patient is well. The diagnosis to rule out in every case is septic arthritis, and…
