Ocular Problems in Extreme Sports
Fig. 5.1 High-altitude retinopathy. This fundus photograph shows the retina of a high-altitude climber at 6870 m, who participated in the Muztagh Ata study in 2005. Shown are (A) peripapillary…
Nutrition for Extreme Sports
Intensity/duration Recommended CHO intake Extreme sports Low to moderate intensity and duration (<1 h) 5–7 g/kg/day BMX Rock climbing Snowboarding/skiing Windsurfing Surfing Endurance athletes (1–3 h of moderate to high…
Infectious Diseases and Extreme Sports
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Francesco Feletti (ed.)Extreme Sports Medicine10.1007/978-3-319-28265-7_4 4. Infectious Diseases and Extreme Sports Ricardo Pereira Igreja1 (1) Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua von Martius…
Psychology and the Extreme Sport Experience
Normative life Rock climbing life Informational noise: distraction and confusion of attention One-pointedness of mind Nebulosity of limits, demands, motivation, decisions, feedbacks Clarity and manageability of limits, demands, decisions, feedbacks…
Endocrine Responses to Extreme Sports
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Francesco Feletti (ed.)Extreme Sports Medicine10.1007/978-3-319-28265-7_3 3. Endocrine Responses to Extreme Sports Pawel Jozkow1 and Marek Medras2 (1) Division of Sports Medicine, University School of Physical Education, ul. Paderewskiego 35, Wroclaw, 51-612,…
Exercise physiology and training principles
E) of 7.5 l·min− 1 (15 × 0.5). The volume of each breath (tidal volume: VT) depends on body size and metabolic rate. Larger people have larger lungs and take larger breaths; they also…
Functional training of the respiratory muscles
*Mahler DA, Weinberg DH, Wells CK et al, 1984. The measurement of dyspnea: Contents, interobserver agreement, and physiologic correlates of two new clinical indexes. Chest 85, 751–758. Box 7.2B Transition…
Anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system
Figure 1.1 Schematic diagram of the respiratory system. See text for details. (With permission from Thibodeau GA, Patton KT, 1996. Anatomy and physiology, 3rd edn. Mosby, St Louis.) The airways…
Functional benefits of respiratory muscle training
Figure 4.1 Interrelationship of the three key properties of inspiratory muscles: pressure (strength), flow (velocity) and power (strength × velocity). Squares = pressure / flow; circles = pressure / power. (Adapted from McConnell AK, 2011. Breathe strong, perform better. Human…
Implementing respiratory muscle training
4. Some specific physiological indicators of potential load / capacity imbalance of the respiratory muscles, and / or inadequate respiratory muscle function. The following are not unique to load / capacity imbalance of the respiratory muscles, but…
