121 Endocrine Diseases and the Musculoskeletal System Maurizio Cutolo Key Points Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are characterized by frequent symptomatic involvement of the musculoskeletal system. Diseases of the parathyroid gland…
39 Pregnancy in the Rheumatic Diseases Eliza F. Chakravarty, Megan E. Clowse Key Points The majority of women with autoimmune diseases will have healthy and uneventful pregnancies, and the risk-benefit…
49 Foot and Ankle Pain Mark D. Price, Christopher P. Chiodo Key Points The differential diagnosis for foot and ankle pain is vast. Localizing symptoms by anatomic region helps narrow…
28 Experimental Models for Rheumatoid Arthritis Rikard Holmdahl Key Points Animal models are tools to mimic various aspects of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There are many different animal models for RA,…
13 T Lymphocytes Ralph C. Budd, Karen A. Fortner Key Points T cells develop primarily in the thymus. The importance of the thymus is underscored by the complete absence of…
42 Polyarticular Arthritis John J. Cush, Kathryn H. Dao Key Points Polyarthritis is pain of synovial or articular origin, with or without inflammation, in four or more joints. The history…
74 Pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Reactive Arthritis David Yu, Rik Lories, Robert D. Inman Key Points Genetics plays a major role in the etiology of ankylosing spondylitis. The gene…
106 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Lucy R. Wedderburn, Kiran Nistala Key Points Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a group of conditions with distinct clinical phenotypes and likely…
20 Autoimmunity Dwight H. Kono, Argyrios N. Theofilopoulos Key Points Autoimmunity ranges from physiologic autoreactivity to overt autoimmune disease, in part reflecting the complexity of the immune system, the presence…
92 Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System Rula A. Hajj-Ali, Carol A. Langford Key Points Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is defined as vasculitis that is…
