Essential Muscle Pathology for the Rheumatologist

Oct 1, 2017 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on Essential Muscle Pathology for the Rheumatologist

This review introduces/refreshes some basic histopathologic methods and findings of skeletal muscle biopsies with emphasis on those diseases commonly encountered in a rheumatologist’s practice. The 3 general areas of myopathology…

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Molecular Diagnosis of Myopathies

Oct 1, 2017 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on Molecular Diagnosis of Myopathies

Neuromuscular diseases (NMD) constitute a group of phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous disorders, characterized by (progressive) weakness and atrophy of proximal and/or distal muscles. The objective of molecular testing is to…

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A Primer on Electrophysiologic Studies in Myopathy

Oct 1, 2017 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on A Primer on Electrophysiologic Studies in Myopathy

Electromyography and nerve conduction studies are the primary electrodiagnostic studies employed in the evaluation of patients with weakness and suspected myopathy. This article discusses the physiologic principles that serve as…

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Imaging of Skeletal Muscle

Oct 1, 2017 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on Imaging of Skeletal Muscle

Various diagnostic imaging techniques such as sonography, computed tomography, scintigraphy, radiography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have made possible the noninvasive evaluation of skeletal muscle injury and disease. Although these…

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Drugs Causing Muscle Disease

Oct 1, 2017 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on Drugs Causing Muscle Disease

Many drugs can cause myopathies, and such myopathies may range widely from asymptomatic elevations in the serum creatine phosphokinase levels to severe myalgias, cramps, exercise intolerance, muscle weakness, and even…

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Paraneoplastic Muscle Disease

Oct 1, 2017 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on Paraneoplastic Muscle Disease

In paraneoplastic muscle disease, the malignancy may remotely affect neuromuscular transmission or incite muscle inflammation or necrosis. In several of these diseases, an autoimmune basis for the muscle disease has…

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Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis: Pathophysiology

Oct 1, 2017 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis: Pathophysiology

Recent advances have increased the understanding of the pathogenesis of polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Clearly, the pathogenesis is complex, and adaptive (eg, autoimmune) and innate and nonimmune pathways play a role…

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