6: Normal Variants and Anomalies
6 Normal Variants and Anomalies ROBERT A. CHRISTMAN Thirty bones compose the foot and ankle complex. (This number includes the distal tibia and fibula and the two sesamoids at the…
16: Classification of Fractures and Dislocations
16 Classification of Fractures and Dislocations JONATHAN LABOVITZ, FRANCIS CHAN, AKSONE NOUVONG, AND ROBERT A. CHRISTMAN Fracture classifications are used frequently in practice and clinical research. The goal and purpose…
25: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Foot and Ankle Pathology
25 Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Foot and Ankle Pathology ADNAN SHEIKH, MARCOS LORETO SAMPAIO AND MARK E. SCHWEITZER The complex anatomy of the foot and ankle makes imaging of this…
19: Joint Disease
19 Joint Disease CRISTINA MARCHIS-CRISAN AND ROBERT A. CHRISTMAN Several arthritides have a predilection for the foot (Box 19-1). Without question, osteoarthritis is the most common, primarily because of the…
20: Tumors and Tumorlike Lesions
20 Tumors and Tumorlike Lesions LAWRENCE OSHER, ROCCO PETROZZI, AND ROBERT A. CHRISTMAN GENERAL CONSIDERATONS Primary bone tumor and tumorlike conditions rarely occur in the foot, with most reports ranging…
21: Metabolic Diseases, Nutritional Disorders, and Skeletal Dysplasias
21 Metabolic Diseases, Nutritional Disorders, and Skeletal Dysplasias ROBERT A. CHRISTMAN, JOHN TASSONE JR, AND CRISTINA MARCHIS-CRISAN Many systemic disorders demonstrate associated radiographic findings in the lower extremity. Although these…
