This means, for example, that towards the ‘late’ stages of rehabilitation it does not necessarily matter whether a rugby player has sustained an injured ACL, PCL or lateral meniscus –…

Figure 22.2 Ankle (medial view). Courtesy and copyright Primal Pictures Ltd. Whilst it is certainly possible to damage one of these joints in isolation and it is true to say…

Middle band : is an axillary pouchPosterior band: form the posterior labrum to the glenoid rim. Not found in all patients From 0 to 30 degrees humeral abduction the anterior…

Key principles of subjective history taking The key aspects of assessing an elbow are: “active listening”, ensuring we take a logical subjective history of the onset of the problem and…

Figure 9.2 An example of a 8-week meso-cycle. Meso-cycles that use such a 4-week training block place a great deal of short-term accumulative stress on the body. It is possible…

Training to maximize RFD Rate of force development is best enhanced by training explosive movements where the intention is to accelerate the resistance (either a bar, medicine ball, or the…

Figure 20.2 Groin and surounding anatomy. The gluteal muscles provide stability and generate significant power during hip joint movement. They are important for the transference of power between the legs…

Athletes find they need to stretch the calf muscles before and particularly after activity for around 30 seconds, repeated three times, once a day (Bandy et al. 1997) and maintain dorsiflexion,…

The innermost connective tissue layer is the endoneurium, which is composed of longitudinally aligned collagen fibres and therefore, plays an important role in protecting the axon from tensile forces (Butler…