76 Reactive Arthritis and Undifferentiated Spondyloarthritis J.S. Hill Gaston Key Points Reactive arthritis is a form of spondyloarthritis triggered by particular infections. Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis can have both peripheral and axial…
75 Ankylosing Spondylitis Sjef M. van der Linden, Dominique Baeten, Walter P. Maksymowych Key Points The concept of axial spondyloarthritis comprises both nonradiographic axial disease and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) according…
82 Antiphospholipid Syndrome Doruk Erkan, Jane E. Salmon, Michael D. Lockshin Key Points Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) are a family of autoantibodies directed against phospholipid-binding plasma proteins, most commonly β2-glycoprotein I….
1 Biology of the Normal Joint Steven R. Goldring, Mary B. Goldring Key Points Condensation of mesenchymal cells, which differentiate into chondrocytes, results in formation of cartilage anlagen, which provide…
122 Musculoskeletal Syndromes in Malignancy Eliza F. Chakravarty Key Points Musculoskeletal and rheumatic syndromes can occasionally be the first presentation of an underlying malignancy. Older age of onset, prominent constitutional…
68 Nutrition and Rheumatic Diseases Lisa K. Stamp, Leslie G. Cleland Key Points Nutritional factors can have proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects, or both. Nutritional factors have been implicated in the…
93 Behçet’s Disease William S. Kaufman, Elizabeth Kaufman McNamara, Joseph L. Jorizzo Key Points Behçet’s disease is a complex multisystem disease characterized by oral and genital ulcers and other systemic…
52 Fibromyalgia Frederick Wolfe, Johannes J. Rasker Key Points Many issues that surround fibromyalgia are not scientific ones—it is widely agreed that pain and suffering are real; instead, the primary…
79 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Mary K. Crow Key Points Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) results from chronic and recurrent activation of the immune system, with production of…
56 Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis Felipe Andrade, Erika Darrah, Antony Rosen Key Points Autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are important tools for diagnosis and for defining important pathogenic pathways in…
