Fungal Infections of Bones and Joints
112 Fungal Infections of Bones and Joints Eric M. Ruderman, John P. Flaherty Key Points Fungi are an infrequent but clinically important cause of bone and joint infections. These infections…
Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Dermatomyositis, Scleroderma, and Vasculitis
108 Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Dermatomyositis, Scleroderma, and Vasculitis Ronald M. Laxer, Susanne M. Benseler Key Points Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) accounts for 11% of patients referred to pediatric…
Sjögren’s Syndrome
73 Sjögren’s Syndrome E. William St. Clair Key Points Sjögren’s syndrome is divided into primary and secondary forms. The primary form occurs in approximately 0.1% to 0.6% of the general…
Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis
98 Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis Paul E. Di Cesare, Dominik R. Haudenschild, Jonathan Samuels, Steven B. Abramson Key Points Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease, occurring primarily in older individuals, characterized…
Anticytokine Therapies
63 Anticytokine Therapies Zuhre Tutuncu, Arthur Kavanaugh Key Points Inhibition of a single key cytokine can be effective in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Most patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) respond…
Polyarteritis Nodosa and Related Disorders
90 Polyarteritis Nodosa and Related Disorders Raashid Luqmani Key Points Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), characterized by vasculitis of medium-sized arteries with few or no immune deposits, is relatively rare, especially in…
Clinical Features of Osteoarthritis
99 Clinical Features of Osteoarthritis Amanda E. Nelson, Joanne M. Jordan Key Points Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, typically affecting the hands, hips, knees, spine, and feet….
Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
81 Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus George Bertsias, Antonios Fanouriakis, Dimitrios T. Boumpas Key Points The standard of care for SLE with severe, major organ involvement involves the combination of…
Hemophilic Arthropathy
119 Hemophilic Arthropathy Katherine S. Upchurch, Doreen B. Brettler Key Points Severe hemophilia, if not aggressively treated, is often complicated by recurrent hemarthrosis. Recurrent hemarthrosis causes chronic arthropathy with overlapping…
