Lower limb motion during walking, running and jumping
CHAPTER 7 Lower limb motion during walking, running and jumping Chapter contents Closed and open motion 133 Joint movements 133 Hip joint 133 Knee joint 134 Ankle joint 134 Subtalar…
Renal and Urologic Problems
Optional Tests • Maximal urinary flow rate. It is tested if greater than 15 mL per second excludes clinically important BOO due to BPH. • Measurement of postvoid residual urine (PVR) by…
Cardiovascular Problems
The first-line antihypertensive drug classes are thiazide diuretics (TZD), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), CCBs, and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). β-Receptor blockers no longer enjoy a first-line status in the treatment…
Problems Related to the Female Reproductive System
Figure 13.1-1. Vaginal smears of common vaginitis pathogens. A: Trichomonas vaginalis. B: Candida albicans. (A: Reproduced with permission from Sun T. Parasitic disorders: pathology, diagnosis, and management. 2nd ed. Baltimore,…
Emergency Problems in Ambulatory Care
Monitoring • Pulse oximetry • SaO2 90% or less in adults or 92% or less in children indicates severe airflow obstruction • Oxygenation may decrease with β-agonist inhalant therapy due to increases in…
Gastrointestinal Problems
Common Gastritis (erosive due to NSAIDs) Esophagitis Peptic ulcer disease Esophagogastric varices with or without portal hypertensive gastropathy Gastroesophageal mucosal tears Cancer (carcinoma, lymphoma, polyps) Dieulafoy lesions (active arterial bleeding…
