Neuromuscular Conditions of Childhood
(1) Paediatric and Young Adult Orthopaedic Unit, The Royal London and Barts and The London Children’s Hospitals, Barts Health, London, UK Introduction This chapter covers those conditions in which…
Lower Limb Alignment and Leg Length Discrepancy
Figure 13.1 Bryant’s triangle (a) helps differentiate between supra- and infratrochanteric shortening of the femur. A line is drawn from the ASIS (A) to the tip of the greater trochanter…
Musculoskeletal Infections
Figure 15.1 Open ended hair-pin arrangement of metaphyseal blood vessels adjacent to the physis with transphyseal vessels crossing across into the epiphysis. This arrangement predisposes infants to septic arthritis and…
Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (Clubfoot)
Figure 12.1 Example of an idiopathic clubfoot deformity – this is the same child as Fig. 12.2 Figure 12.2 An antenatal ultrasound scan demonstrating a clubfoot Radiographic analysis can be…
Congenital Coxa Vara
Figure 9.1 A diagram demonstrating the parameters for measuring the extent of the deformity in the proximal femur: (a) The neck shaft angle, i.e. the angle between the shaft and…
The Limping Child
Age Common conditions 0–5 Transient synovitis Septic arthritis Osteomyelitis Discitis DDH Toddler’s fracture Non-accidental injury 5–10 Transient synovitis Septic arthritis Osteomyelitis Discitis Perthes’ disease 10–15 SCFE Septic arthritis Osteomyelitis Spondylolysis…
