Disorders of Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism

Jul 24, 2016 by in ORTHOPEDIC Comments Off on Disorders of Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism

Disorders of Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism Rebecca S. Wappner PURINE AND PYRIMIDINE METABOLISM Purine and pyrimidine nucleotides are important constituents of RNA, DNA, nucleotide sugars, and other high-energy compounds and…

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Peroxisomal Disorders

Jul 24, 2016 by in ORTHOPEDIC Comments Off on Peroxisomal Disorders

Peroxisomal Disorders Rebecca S. Wappner Peroxisomes are small, single membrane–bound, electron-dense, subcellular organelles associated with a growing number of recognized biochemical functions and related disorders. Initially termed microbodies, the name…

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Disorders of Lipoproteins

Jul 24, 2016 by in ORTHOPEDIC Comments Off on Disorders of Lipoproteins

Disorders of Lipoproteins Rebecca S. Wappner LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM Lipids are a primary source of energy. They also function as the structural components of cell membranes and are precursors of biologically…

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Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Jul 24, 2016 by in ORTHOPEDIC Comments Off on Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism Rebecca S. Wappner CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM Dietary carbohydrates include polymeric starch from plant sources, glycogen from animal sources, disaccharides in the form of lactose from milk sources…

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Disorders of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation

Jul 24, 2016 by in ORTHOPEDIC Comments Off on Disorders of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation

Disorders of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation Bryan E. Hainline Rebecca S. Wappner FATTY ACID METABOLISM One of the primary functions of mitochondria, the aerobic production of energy from fatty acids,…

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Disorders of Transport

Jul 24, 2016 by in ORTHOPEDIC Comments Off on Disorders of Transport

Disorders of Transport Rebecca S. Wappner An increasing number of inborn errors of metabolism are being recognized to result from defects in the transport of various types of metabolites or…

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Introduction to Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Jul 24, 2016 by in ORTHOPEDIC Comments Off on Introduction to Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Introduction to Inborn Errors of Metabolism Rebecca S. Wappner Bryan E. Hainline The concept of inherited biochemical genetic disorders was described first by Garrod in his 1908 published lecture, “Inborn…

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Adrenal Medulla

Jul 24, 2016 by in ORTHOPEDIC Comments Off on Adrenal Medulla

Adrenal Medulla Patricia A. Donohoue NORMAL ADRENAL MEDULLARY DEVELOPMENT AND SECRETIONS Early in embryogenesis, primitive sympathetic nervous system ganglion cells migrate from neural ectoderm, differentiate into pheochromoblasts, and penetrate the…

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Adrenal Cortex

Jul 24, 2016 by in ORTHOPEDIC Comments Off on Adrenal Cortex

Adrenal Cortex Patricia A. Donohoue NORMAL ADRENAL DEVELOPMENT AND STEROID HORMONE SYNTHESIS The fetal adrenal cortex develops from coelomic mesothelium in proximity to the developing bipotential gonads. The cortex then…

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