Fig. 12.1 A summary of the potential sources of heat stress, the resulting effects of that heat stress (i.e., heat strain) and the interindividual factors (green circles) and intraindividual factors…
Fig. 2.1 Theoretical whole-body heat loss (dry + evaporative) responses to rapid increases in metabolic heat production associated with exercise at fixed rates of heat production in the heat (30 °C/86 °F,…
Fig. 3.1 Relationships among variables that influence heat storage and ultimately exertional heat illness (EHI) risk. Activity logistics include time of day, location, and activity programming (e.g., work/rest cycles, duration,…
Clinical symptoms (sepsis, septic shock) Reports of EHS cases with clinical symptoms qSOFA: Respiratory rate ≥22/min [1, 3, 8, 13] Altered mentation [1, 3, 8, 13, 16] Systolic blood pressure…
Fig. 6.1 Altered neuromuscular control theory for the pathogenesis of exercise-associated muscle cramps (dashed arrow used for the sole purpose of improving clarity of the “hot and/or humid environmental conditions”…
Fig. 9.1 Basic paradigm for the care of exertional heat stroke. (From Belval et al. [9], with permission) Medical professionals in athletic settings are faced with unique challenges for managing…
Characteristics of condition Differential diagnoses Heat syncope Cardiac arrest Exertional heat stroke Heat exhaustion Exercise-associated collapse Definition/pathophysiology Orthostatic dizziness after standing in one place for prolonged time in the heat…
Fig. 2.1 Types of variables Continuous variables can exhibit infinite values between the minimum and maximum. For example, WOMAC can take any score from 0 to 2400 mm as in…
Test Exam maneuver Positive test Neer test Tester forcibly flexes the sitting patient’s internally rotated arm, while inhibiting scapular movement by pressing down on the clavicle and acromion with the…
