The Pediatric Orthopaedic Examination David D. Aronsson Jennifer W. Lisle INTRODUCTION The pediatric orthopaedic examination can vary considerably depending on the age of the child, chief complaint, magnitude of the…
Metabolic and Endocrine Abnormalities Andrew W. Howard Benjamin A. Alman INTRODUCTION Biologic Functions of Bone. Although orthopaedists tend to focus on the role of bone as the structural support for…
Imaging in Pediatric Orthopaedics Geetika Khanna Georges Y. EI-Khoury Yusuf Menda Imaging modalities have been in constant evolution since the discovery of x-rays more than a century ago. However, most…
Evaluation of the Medical Literature Mininder S. Kocher INTRODUCTION Evaluation of the medical literature is an essential task of the pediatric orthopaedic surgeon in order to evaluate the efficacy of…
Embryology and Development of the Neuromuscular Apparatus José A. Morcuende James O. Sanders INTRODUCTION The development of an adult organism from a single cell is an unparalleled example of integrated…
Genetic Aspects of Orthopaedic Conditions José A. Morcuende Benjamin A. Alman A genetic and molecular revolution is happening in medicine. Led by the Human Genome Project, genetic information and concepts…
Basic Rehabilitation Exercises 22.1 Shoulder Range of Motion Figure 22.1 Pendulum exercises: Have pt bend forward at the waist with the upper trunk supported by the unaffected arm resting on…
Other Medical Problems 21.1 Overtraining (Staleness) Phy Sportsmed 2003;31:25; Phy Sportsmed 2001;29:35; Med Sci Sports Exerc 1997;30:1173; Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30:1146; Sports Med 1998;30:1140; Sports Med 2000;32:317; Sports Med…
Infectious Disease 20.1 Acute Febrile Illness Phy Sportsmed 1996;24:44; Phy Sportsmed 1999;27:47; The Team Physician Handbook. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby 1997;225 Cause: Viral or bacterial causes. Pathophys: Change in…
Gastrointestinal Problems 19.1 General Epidemiology N Z Med 1994;107:328, Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:1570 gi symptoms most often reported include gastroesophageal (GE) reflux, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and nausea. Incidence greater than…
