Cervical Orthopaedic Tests Cervical Palpation Anterior Aspect Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Descriptive Anatomy The sternocleidomastoid muscle extends from the mastoid process of the temporal bone down to the clavicle and sternum (Fig….
Wrist Orthopaedic Tests Wrist Palpation Anterior Aspect Flexor Tendons Descriptive Anatomy Six wrist and digit flexor tendons cross the wrist (Fig. 7-1): Flexor carpi ulnaris Palmaris longus Flexor digitorum profundus…
Lumbar Nerve Root Lesions T12, L1, L2, L3 Clinical Description Nerve roots in the lumbar spine exit the spinal column through laterally placed intervertebral foramina. The nerve roots in the…
Elbow Orthopaedic Tests Elbow Palpation Medial Aspect Ulnar Nerve Descriptive Anatomy The ulnar nerve is a branch of the medial cord of the brachial plexus. It passes in the groove…
Hand Orthopaedic Tests Hand Palpation Anterior Aspect Thenar Eminence Descriptive Anatomy The thenar eminence lies at the lateral aspect of the hand with the palm facing out. It comprises three…
Cervical Nerve Root Lesions The cervical spine consists of eight pairs of spinal nerves. Each spinal nerve consists of a dorsal root (sensory component) and a ventral root (motor component)….
Postural Assessment Steven P. Weiniger DC* *Private practice in Conyers, Georgia; founder, BodyZone.com. Why Posture Is Important Posture is how a body balances. If a body doesn’t balance, it falls…
Clinical Assessment Protocol A thorough understanding of anatomic and biomechanical principles provides the foundation for accurate evaluation of orthopaedic and related neurologic conditions. Knowledge of these principles is required to…
