Musculoskeletal Key

Reconstruction group Residual volume (mL) Injury group Residual volume (mL) Normal 3.31 ± 0.18 Normal 3.28 ± 0.20 T1 5.09 ± 0.19 t1 5.06 ± 0.16 T2 7.54 ± 0.18 t2 7.78 ± 0.12 T3 9.85 ± 0.29 t3 12.03 ± 0.18 T4 6.35 ± 0.23 t4 15.11 ± 0.30…

Fig. 10.1 Expose the L4, L5 and L6 nerve root, each was indicated by a line Fig. 10.2 Completely explosion, each nerve root was indicated by a line 10.2.2.2 Electrophysiological…

Fig. 11.1 Showing the post-stimulus voiding mechanism 11.3 Dorsal Rhizotomy of the Sacral Nerves Sauerwein in 1988 structurally expanded SARS with a sacral de-afferentation (SDAF), i.e. dorsal rhizotomy of sacral…

Fig. 9.1 Illustration of relevant neuro-urological relationships for the pure motor-to-motor and pure sensory-to-sensory nerve reconstruction procedure 9.2.2.2 Measurement of Internal Bladder Pressure After a vertical lower abdominal incision was…

Fig. 2.1 L2, L3 and L4 spinal roots’ contribution to femoral nerves Fig. 2.2 Component of femoral nerves—L2, L3 and L4 spinal roots 2.2.1 Anatomical Study of Knee Jerk Reflex…

Group Bladder weight (g) Sectional area of muscle fibers (μm2) Percentage of connective tissue (%) α-SMA activity (IOD) A 0.138 ± 0.019 7,265.86 ± 114.36 12.08 ± 1.45 0.96 ± 0.03 B 0.286 ± 0.025 5,156.31 ± 310.42 18.47 ± 1.32 0.85 ± 0.10 C 0.362 ± 0.018…

Fig. 7.1 Illustration of the tendon-spinal cord-bladder artificial reflex arc in canines 7.2.2.2 Electrophysiologic Examination The dogs were examined under anesthesia at the set postoperative times (6 months and 18…

Fig. 8.1 Creation of microsurgical anastomoses between the T10 and S2 ventral roots The patients were moved to rehabilitation clinics 2 weeks after surgery. Patient follow-up was scheduled 6, 12,…

Fig. 6.1 Schematic diagram of selective sacral rhizotomy (a) group A; (b) group B; (c) group C; (d) group D 6.2.2.2 Operation Procedure Proceed with intravenous anesthesia with 25 mg/kg…