Death rates related to cancer have steadily decreased over the past few decades, and as a result, the number of survivors has exponentially increased. Increasingly, more and more secondary complications…
Neurologic complications of HIV infection are common, and are a significant source of morbidity. The chronic nature of HIV today, the complexity of highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens, and the…
Statins, 3-hydroxy-3-methlglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, are commonly prescribed for patients who have hyperlipidemia. Statins were first approved in 1987. Statin therapy is well documented to reduce serum low-density lipoprotein…
Injury rates are high among children and adolescent athletes. Psychosocial stressors, such as personality, history of stressors, and life event stress can influence injury occurrence. After injury, those same factors…
A myriad problems in the foot and ankle are specific to child and adolescent athletes. The anatomy of young athletes with respect to the presence of a growth plate makes…
There has been an explosion in sports participation, especially for women, in the last 35 years mainly because of Title IX. In 2005–2006, nearly 3 million girls and 4.2 million…
The knee is the body part most commonly injured as a consequence of collisions, falls, and overuse occurring from childhood sports. The number of sports-related injuries is increasing because of…
Low back pain is a common problem among young athletes. These individuals are at risk for significant structural injuries or nonmechanical problems that can be associated with their symptoms. Any…
The shoulder and elbow represent two of the most commonly injured joints in the adolescent population. Specific injuries vary by sport and can involve various structures, depending on the mechanism…
Injuries to the hip and pelvis are the least common of lower extremity injuries in youth sports, but include many of the more serious conditions. This article describes the bone…
