Musculoskeletal Key

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the leading cause of childhood disability. This article reviews common presentations of CP and its possible causes. The management of common problems seen in affected children…

The prosthetic and orthotic field is in constant flux, with newer technology and materials being incorporated into everyday practice. Research into the field is increasing as interest in restoring or…

This article’s purpose is to explain the anatomicophysiologic basis for observations and measurements made by the electromyographer. An electromyographer may be trained in the techniques of electromyography without understanding the…

Physiatrists frequently see patients who have chronic pain, and the physiatric approach is highly relevant to pain management. This article is directed toward physiatrists who do not specialize in pain…

This article reviews common causes of upper and lower extremity pain problems, including bone pain, osteoarthritis, tendinopathy, and muscle pain problems. These common conditions affect many areas of the body;…

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in multiorgan system dysfunction. Previously, SCI portended reduced survival and diminished quality of life. However, with increasing awareness and advances in the management of complications…

This review of traumatic brain injury encompasses its impact on society, pathophysiology, and rehabilitative management. Topics include mild traumatic brain injury, outcomes, prognosis, cognitive rehabilitation, behavioral management, and neurologic and…

A wide variety of neuromuscular diseases affect children, including central nervous system disorders such as cerebral palsy and spinal cord injury; motor neuron disorders such as spinal muscular atrophy; peripheral…

The matrix of stroke rehabilitation is evolving as we look outside the box of traditional therapy type, timing, and intensity of rehabilitation techniques. For inpatient wards, the goal of medical…

For many nutrition deficiencies, a direct cause and effect of different symptoms and diseases has been established. These are known as primary nutritional deficiencies. Secondary deficiencies occur when the vitamin…