Eisenmenger Syndrome Stephen M. Paridon Eisenmenger syndrome comprises a group of cardiac defects that share a common pathophysiology: pulmonary vascular obstructive disease resulting in a right-to-left cardiac level shunting of…
Double-Outlet Right Ventricle Michael J. Silka Double-outlet right ventricle (DORV) refers to a diverse group of congenital heart defects characterized by common origin of both the aorta and the pulmonary…
Tetralogy of Fallot William H. Neches Sang C. Park Jose A. Ettedgui Tetralogy of Fallot refers to a spectrum of anatomic abnormalities that have in common a large, unrestrictive ventricular…
Tricuspid Atresia David J. Driscoll Tricuspid atresia, the third most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease, consists of complete agenesis of the tricuspid valve and absence of direct communication…
Truncus Arteriosus Timothy C. Slesnick John P. Kovalchin Persistent truncus arteriosus is an uncommon congenital cardiac defect in which a single great artery arises at the base of the heart…
Transposition of the Great Arteries William H. Neches Sang C. Park Jose A. Ettedgui Transposition of the great arteries, or complete transposition, is a common form of cardiac abnormality found…
Echocardiography and Electrocardiography James C. Huhta ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY Since the early 1980s, echocardiography (i.e., ultrasonic imaging) of the heart and cardiovascular system has provided a major advance in pediatric cardiology and…
Hypertension J. Timothy Bricker PATHOGENESIS Artifacts in Blood Pressure Measurement Physicians who care for children monitored by indwelling arterial lines must understand how to zero out, calibrate, and prevent artifacts…
Pharyngoconjunctival Fever Sarah S. Long Pharyngoconjunctival fever is an acute viral illness defined by the presence of fever, conjunctivitis, and pharyngitis. It occurs in epidemic and sporadic fashion. Soon after…
