CHAPTER 57 Minimally Invasive Posterior Lumbar Instrumentation David Strothman, MD, James D. Schwender, MD Overview Over recent years minimally invasive surgical techniques have evolved to safely allow access to the…
CHAPTER 19 Anterior Exposure to Lumbosacral Spine Anatomy and Techniques David S. Wernsing, MD, Richard Balderston, MD There has been an increasing need for access surgery to the lumbosacral spine….
CHAPTER 81 Acute Treatment of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury Richard B. Rodgers, MD, Eric M. Horn, MD, PhD, Volker K.H. Sonntag, MD Since the implementation of emergency medical systems…
CHAPTER 21 Back Pain in Children and Adolescents Lori A. Karol, MD The prevalence of back pain in children and adolescents is increasing. Although it is assumed that pediatric back…
CHAPTER 94 Complications of Spinal Surgery John G. Heller, MD, Reginald S. Fayssoux, MD The number of things that can go wrong during spinal surgery is daunting because at every…
CHAPTER 74 Fixed Sagittal Imbalance Peter D. Angevine, MD, MPH, Patrick T. O’Leary, MD, Keith H. Bridwell, MD Fixed sagittal imbalance is a condition that occurs as a result of…
CHAPTER 93 Syringomyelia David M. Benglis, Jr., MD, Andrew Jea, MD, Steve Vanni, DO, Barth A. Green, MD Syringomyelia, or cavitation within the substance of the spinal cord without an…
CHAPTER 3 Architectural Design and Function of Human Back Muscles Anita Vasavada, PhD, Samuel R. Ward, PT, PhD, Scott L. Delp, PhD, Richard L. Lieber, PhD Spinal muscles generate movements…
CHAPTER 45 Lumbar Disc Disease Gunnar B.J. Andersson, MD, PhD, Ashok Biyani, MD, Steven T. Ericksen, MD The location of the anatomic pain generator in patients with low back pain…
CHAPTER 52 Lumbar Nucleus Replacement Hansen A. Yuan, MD, Qi-Bin Bao, PhD, Anthony T. Yeung, MD, Phillip S. Yuan, MD, Michael Dahl, PhD Parallel to the development of lumbar artificial…
