Musculoskeletal Key

1.3 Musculoskeletal Chronic Pelvic Pain Theresa M. Spitznagle Introduction A wide range of definitions of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) have been given in the literature. It has been defined as…

2.7 Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Reflex Incontinence Carmen-Manuela Rock Diagnosis and Evaluation The goal is to identify dysfunctions (inhibiting factors) in the motor system. The need to protect such…

1.6 Reflex Incontinence Caused by Underlying Functional Disorders Carmen-Manuela Rock This type of incontinence is a symptom of an underlying disorder that needs be identified. According to Brügger [1977, 2000]…

1.5 Low Back Pain and the Pelvic Floor Paul W. Hodges Introduction All of the muscles of the trunk contribute, at least to some extent, to control of the spine…

1.4 Interdependence of Posture and the Pelvic Floor Beate Carrière What does posture have to do with the pelvic floor? Posture appears to be something external and visible, while the…

Basic Anatomy and Normal Function The digestive tract begins at the mouth, continues through the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines, and finally ends at the rectum and anus….

3 Pediatric Therapy Cynthia M. Feldt A 7-year-old boy enters your office with his eyes downcast. He is withdrawn and will not answer your questions. His mother tells you that…

2.6 Training and Functional Barbara Gödl-Purrer Functional Significance of the Pelvic Floor Musculature The muscles of the pelvic floor form the dynamic closure of the abdominal cavity below. They interact…

2.8 Therapy for Lymphedema Mary K. Rosenberg Definition of Lymphedema Lymphedema is a chronic condition, characterized by protein-rich swelling in the interstitium, which can occur anywhere in the body with…

1.8 Evidence-Based Physical Therapy for Stress and Urge Incontinence Kari Bø What Does “Evidence-Based” Mean? During the 1990s, it was strongly emphasized that all sorts of health care ought to…