Musculoskeletal Key

Fig. 15.1 Knees: varus position in both knees, subchondral sclerotisation and asymmetrical narrowing of tibiofemoral articular slit. Changes are accentuated in the lateral part of articular slit of the left…

Fig. 13.1 Ochronosis. Open knee joint. Deposits of ochronotic pigment give the cartilage the blue-black colour Fig. 13.2 Distal epiphyseal end of femur. Map-like erosions of articular cartilage that has…

Fig. 26.1 Callistemon spp. (Australian bottle-brush plant) Animal toxicity studies were carried out at ICI and subsequently Zeneca, which was established in 1993 by demerging of various business units of…

Fig. 12.1 Cervical spine: head in forward projection. Narrowing of intervertebral spaces with considerable subchondral sclerotisation of articular surfaces and non-homogeneous mild opacity of intervertebral spaces, uncovertebral arthrosis and arthrosis…

Fig. 19.1 Ochronosis and its location in the cartilaginous skeleton of the lower respiratory tract: (a) The cartilaginous skeleton from the front side – the places with considerable ochronotic colouration…

Fig. 16.1 (a, b) Ochronotic pigmentations on scleras in patients affected by ochronotic arthropathy According to our findings, the first traces of pigment appear in a horizontal plane 4–6 mm…

Fig. 20.1 Ochronosis in joint tissues. Histological images of the connective tissue from the tendons and fibrous capsule of a patient with AKU showing deposition of ochronotic pigment (a–g). Photographs…

Fig. 4.1 Conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine 1. Fumarate and acetoacetate   2. Dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline   3. Melanins   4. Thyroid hormones – thyroxin and triiodothyronine   Degradation…