Problems Presenting in the Lower Leg
Knee The knee is very susceptible to problems, especially from sports such as football and skiing, where the body turns fast on a fixed foot. The history will give a…
Problems Presenting in the Hip
Introduction Problems with the hip can occur at any age, and for each age group the most likely diagnosis is different. Hip dysplasia The condition is not common, but is…
History and Examination of the Leg
Hip Make sure that you have adequate exposure on both sides so that the normal can be compared with the abnormal. Use the system ‘look, feel, move’ (see Chapters 3,…
Problems Presenting in the Spine
Neck Function The neck is highly mobile. It is highly susceptible to injury because the weight of the head creates large forces in high energy accidents. Presentation Cervical spondylosis (arthritis)…
History and Examination of the Spine
History All patients must have had backache at some time in their lives. Check with them how this episode differs from any others, as this may reveal signs of sinister…
