Orthotics and Assistive Devices
8 ORTHOTICS AND ASSISTIVE DEVICES Elizabeth L. Koczur, Carrie E. Strine, Denise Peischl, Richard Lytton, Tariq Rahman, and Michael A. Alexander Knowledge of orthotic and assistive devices is an important…
Language Development and Disorders of Communication and Oral Motor Function
4 LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT AND DISORDERS OF COMMUNICATION AND ORAL MOTOR FUNCTION Lynn Driver, Rita Ayyangar, and Marie Van Tubbergen Communication, as defined by the National Joint Committee for the Communicative…
Orthopedics and Musculoskeletal Conditions
10 ORTHOPEDICS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS Kevin P. Murphy, Colleen A. Wunderlich, Elaine L. Pico, Sherilyn Whateley Driscoll, Elizabeth Moberg Wolff, Melanie Rak, and Maureen R. Nelson GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT…
Spina Bifida
15 SPINA BIFIDA Elaine L. Pico, Pamela E. Wilson, Kathryn Smith, Jeffrey Thomson, Jeffrey Young, Daria Ettinger, Gerald H. Clayton, and Kerstin Sobus Spina bifida is the second most common…
Electrodiagnosis in Pediatrics
6 ELECTRODIAGNOSIS IN PEDIATRICS Craig M. McDonald INTRODUCTION Electromyography (EMG), nerve conduction studies (NCSs), and evoked potentials, including somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and motor evoked potentials (MEPs), provide…
Pediatric Limb Deficiencies
13 PEDIATRIC LIMB DEFICIENCIES Ann Modrcin, Matthew McLaughlin, and Matthew Luetke INTRODUCTION One of the more rewarding experiences in medicine comes from engaging children with limb deficiency in…
Guidance Techniques for Botulinum Toxins and Other Injections
7 GUIDANCE TECHNIQUES FOR BOTULINUM TOXINS AND OTHER INJECTIONS Katharine E. Alter and Kevin P. Murphy Botulinum toxins (BoNTs) are an effective therapy for a wide variety of medical problems…
Quantitative Assessment of Gait: A Systematic Approach
5 QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF GAIT: A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH James J. Carollo and Dennis J. Matthews Bipedal walking is a distinctive and uniquely human behavior that is celebrated in childhood and…
Cerebral Palsy
14 CEREBRAL PALSY Mary McMahon, David Pruitt, and Jilda Vargus-Adams Cerebral palsy (CP) is defined as “a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity…
Neuromuscular Diseases
18 NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES Craig M. McDonald INTRODUCTION Acquired or hereditary neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) are disorders caused by an abnormality of any component of the lower motor neuron—anterior horn…
