Chronic Diffuse Interstitial Lung Disease in Childhood Iley Browning Claire Langston Chronic diffuse interstitial lung disease in children includes a heterogeneous group of pathologic states characterized by a diffuse inflammatory…
Central Hypoventilation Syndromes Carole L. Marcus Central alveolar hypoventilation is defined as an increase in arterial carbon dioxide tension (greater than 45 mm Hg during wakefulness) due to a decrease…
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Carole L. Marcus Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is an important cause of morbidity in children. If left untreated, it can result in cor pulmonale, neurologic…
Pulmonary Hemosiderosis Marianna M. Sockrider Pulmonary hemosiderosis is a rare condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of hemosiderin in the lungs. Deposition of hemosiderin results from bleeding into the lungs…
Cystic Fibrosis Beryl J. Rosenstein Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common life-shortening genetic disease affecting populations of European origin. The triad of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pancreatic exocrine deficiency,…
Laryngeal Disorders Richard J. H. Smith Benjamin B. Cable ANATOMY Anatomic considerations are discussed in Box 234.1. LARYNGOMALACIA Stridor is a high-pitched, musical sound that is produced by airflow turbulence…
Ciliary Dyskinesia M. John Hicks Mucociliary clearance from the respiratory tract depends on normal function and structure of cilia lining the mucosa along the nasal cavity and from the larynx…
Bacterial Pneumonia John F. Modlin In the United States, infection of the lower respiratory tract is recognized annually in 15 to 20 of 1,000 infants younger than 1 year of…
PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECI Pneumonia Donald C. Anderson The disease generally known as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (or PCP) is an opportunistic infection of increasing importance to pediatricians. A marked increase in the…
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis I. Celine Hanson William T. Shearer The term hypersensitivity pneumonitis defines a spectrum of pulmonary disorders that includes granulomatous, interstitial, and alveolar filling diseases. These respiratory disorders are…
