Understanding Scaffolds, Stem Cells, and Growth Factors
Fig. 12.1 (a, b) Mesenchymal stem cells The umbilical cord blood is the most common source of stem cells for children, while bone marrow and fat tissue are for adults….
Osteochondral Repair Using a Hybrid Implant Composed of Stem Cells and Biomaterial
Fig. 53.1 Schematic drawing of the different zones of articular cartilage and subchondral bone Subchondral bone is a complex tissue consisting of water, collagen type I, and hydroxyapatite, with the…
Clinical Use of the Meniscal Scaffold
Fig. 30.1 CMI (a, b) macroscopic appearance, (c) ultrastructure Actifit-Orteq. UK (Fig. 30.2): This is a synthetic biodegradable scaffold, composed of polycaprolactone-polyurethane which has been available since 2008. This structure…
Biological Reconstruction in Patients with Osteochondral Defects: Postoperative Management and MRI Monitoring
Author Weight-bearing status Keeping in brace Range of motion Return to previous activity De Caro [24] Related to associated procedures For 4–6 weeks Full immediately In 79% of patients, no…
Xenografts: Biologic Combination Devices
Fig. 9.1 Soft tissue augmentation devices 9.4 Implantation of α-Gal-Deficient Porcine Cartilage Stone et al. studied the possible elimination of α-Gal epitopes from xenograft cartilage by the use of recombinant…
The Use of a Large Animal Model and Robotic Technology to Validate New Biotherapies for ACL Healing
Fig. 15.1 A schematic diagram illustrating a knee joint being tested on a robotic/universal force-moment sensor (UFS) testing system. The knee can be placed at preselected angles of knee flexion,…
Cell Culture Methods
Scaffold Targeted issues Administration Ref. Vascularized iliac bone graft Osteonecrosis of femoral head Implanted [1, 2] Iliac bone graft Osteonecrosis of femoral head [3, 4] Porcine-derived collagen type I/III membrane…
Clinical Applications of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells
Fig. 44.1 Lipoaspiration of abdominal adipose tissue performed in the clinic setting Subcutaneous adipose tissue is rich in mature adipocytes (67.6%), but also consists of blood vessels, leucocytes, fibroblasts, macrophages,…
Osteochondritis Dissecans: Pathoanatomy, Classification, and Advances in Biologic Surgical Treatment
Fig. 39.1. (a) Osteochondritis dissecans lesion of the medial femoral condyle (MFC) of a right knee. (b) Pasting of morselized bone graft into the defect to reconstruct subchondral bone deficit….
Partial Anterior Cruciate Ligament Lesions: A Biological Approach to Repair
Fig. 52.1 Partial anterior cruciate ligament tear demonstrating disruption of the anteromedial bundle (a), with an intact and edematous posterolateral bundle (b) Table 52.1 Gobbi classification of anterior cruciate ligament…
