Posterior Spinal Fusion for Idiopathic Scoliosis Peter O. Newton Vidyadhar V. Upasani DEFINITION Idiopathic scoliosis is a progressive three-dimensional spinal deformity in the absence of any congenital spinal anomaly or…
Release of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Gokce Mik Denis S. Drummond B. David Horn DEFINITION The term torticollis comes from the Latin words tortus (twisted) and collum (neck). It refers to…
Surgical Excision of Intradural Spinal Tumors Gerald E. Rodts Jr. Daniel Refai PATHOGENESIS Intradural tumors are rarely the result of metastatic spread of malignant cells. The main categories of intradural…
Revision Cervical Surgery Casey C. Bachison Harry N. Herkowitz††Deceased. DEFINITION In recent years, the number of patients undergoing cervical spine surgery has risen dramatically. Cervical spine surgery is used…
Sacropelvic Fixation Techniques Floreana A. Naef Khaled M. Kebaish DEFINITION Sacropelvic fixation is a term used to describe instrumentation into the sacrum and pelvis. The most common indication is a…
Revision Lumbar Surgery Todd B. Francis Gordon R. Bell DEFINITION There are a multitude of different reasons why a patient may need to undergo revision lumbar surgery. Of all patients…
Vertebral Column Resection for Severe Rigid Spinal Deformity through an All Posterior Approach Michael P. Kelly Lukas P. Zebala Lawrence G. Lenke DEFINITION Posterior vertebral column resection (VCR) entails the…
Smith-Petersen Osteotomy for the Management of Sagittal Plane Spinal Deformity Selvon St. Clair William C. Horton III DEFINITION A number of osteotomy techniques have been described to treat severe or…
Management of Intraoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks Christopher G. Kalhorn Kevin M. McGrail BACKGROUND Management of intraoperative durotomies and the postoperative management of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks can pose serious problems…
Smith-Petersen Osteotomy and Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy Lukas P. Zebala Keith H. Bridwell DEFINITION Smith-Petersen osteotomy (SPO) is a chevron resection of the posterior elements that shorten the posterior column and…
