Kyphectomy in Spina Bifida
Kyphectomy in Spina Bifida Richard E. McCarthy DEFINITION Kyphosis in the patient with myelomeningocele can occur at the thoracolumbar junction, the midlumbar spine, or the lumbosacral junction. The different types…
Posterior Osteotomies of the Spine
Posterior Osteotomies of the Spine Daniel Grant Leok-Lim Lau Suken A. Shah DEFINITION Spinal osteotomies encompass a range of techniques involving resection of bone from the spinal column to induce…
Posterior Spinal Fusion for Idiopathic Scoliosis
Posterior Spinal Fusion for Idiopathic Scoliosis Peter O. Newton Vidyadhar V. Upasani DEFINITION Idiopathic scoliosis is a progressive three-dimensional spinal deformity in the absence of any congenital spinal anomaly or…
Posterior Exposure of the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine
Posterior Exposure of the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Wudbhav N. Sankar John M. Flynn DEFINITION Scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine and rib cage. The hallmark of scoliotic…
Posterior Cervical Fusion with Lateral Mass Screws
Posterior Cervical Fusion with Lateral Mass Screws Jonathan H. Phillips Lindsay Crawford DEFINITION The lateral mass is a quadrangular area of bone lateral to the lamina and between borders of…
Posterior Cervical Arthrodeses: Occiput-C2 and C1-C2
Posterior Cervical Arthrodeses: Occiput-C2 and C1-C2 Jaime A. Gomez Daniel J. Hedequist DEFINITION The occipitocervical articulation is formed by the occiput, the atlas (C1), and the axis (C2). This functional…
Release of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
Release of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Gokce Mik Denis S. Drummond B. David Horn DEFINITION The term torticollis comes from the Latin words tortus (twisted) and collum (neck). It refers to…
Modified Woodward Repair of Sprengel Deformity
Modified Woodward Repair of Sprengel Deformity J. Richard Bowen DEFINITION Sprengel deformity is a congenital anomaly of the shoulder characterized by a high elevation of a hypoplastic scapula and medial…
Forearm Osteotomy for Multiple Hereditary Exostoses
Forearm Osteotomy for Multiple Hereditary Exostoses Carley Vuillermin Carla Baldrighi Scott N. Oishi DEFINITION Multiple hereditary exostoses (MHE), first described by Boyer3 in 1814, is a familial disorder with an…
Radial Dysplasia Reconstruction
Radial Dysplasia Reconstruction Carley Vuillermin Marybeth Ezaki Scott N. Oishi DEFINITION Radial dysplasia represents a spectrum of longitudinal deficiency in radial growth. This deficiency can be mild or severe based…
