Recommendations Grade of recommendation Distal femoral physeal injuries Reduction and surgical fixation is indicated for all distal femoral physeal injuries C Surgical fixation is not associated with an increased risk…
Fig. 2.1 Levels of evidence hierarchy for therapeutic studies Low-level evidence is more likely to be subject to bias. Bias is a systematic error that can make the results invalid….
Type Alpha angle (α) Beta angle (β) Descriptions I > 60° <55° Ia Normal hip (at any age). This grade is further divided into (Ia; β < 55°) and (Ib;…
Fig. 19.1 Flexible flat feet, which resolve on tip toeing Table 19.1 Table of recommendations Statement Grade of recommendation Most flexible flat feet in children do not cause symptoms B…
Clinical Score Radiological Score Poor cosmetic appearance Abnormal talonavicular angle Talometatarsal axis Ankle+ loss of subtalar movement Hindfoot equinus Prominent talar head Abnormal talometatarsal axis Loss of medial longitudinal arch …
Fig. 16.1 Clinical photographs showing classical deformity of a clubfoot Clubfoot can be: Idiopathic clubfoot which presents as an isolated anomaly in a normal child. Non-idiopathic clubfoot which is associated…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Sattar Alshryda, James S. Huntley and Paul A. Banaszkiewicz (eds.)Paediatric Orthopaedics10.1007/978-3-319-41142-2_1 1. Introduction to Evidence-Based Orthopaedics Sattar Alshryda1 , James S. Huntley2 and Paul Banaszkiewicz3 (1) Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK (2) Department of Surgery,…
Has the presence of a screening programme improved outcomes for patients with DDH? How effective is clinical examination in the early detection of DDH and who should be performing the…
Fig. 6.1 FAST program workstation The FAST Program committee first deconstructed arthroscopy into its most basic elements (Table 6.1), which were then incorporated into the teaching curriculum. For example, beginning…
Fig. 8.1 Achievement of appropriate deliberate practice So with the above end in mind is it time to start designing your course? Pause and before committing a lot of your…
