69 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Gary S. Firestein Key Points Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex disease involving numerous cell types, including macrophages, T cells, B cells, fibroblasts,…
89 Antineutrophil Cytoplasm Antibody–Associated Vasculitis Caroline O.S. Savage, Lorraine Harper Key Points Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and allergic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (AGPA) are forms of vasculitis that…
77 Psoriatic Arthritis Oliver Fitzgerald Key Points Psoriatic arthritis should be suspected in a patient with an asymmetric joint distribution pattern who may have additional clinical features, such as dactylitis,…
43 The Skin and Rheumatic Diseases Lela A. Lee, Victoria P. Werth Key Points Many systemic rheumatologic conditions present with skin findings. The differential diagnosis for skin findings may require…
6 Biomechanics Kenton R. Kaufman, Kai-Nan An Key Points Kinematics is the study of the geometric and time-dependent aspects of motion without analyzing the forces causing the motion. The general…
83 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Scleroderma John Varga Key Points Scleroderma/systemic sclerosis (SSc) has a complex pathogenesis and protean clinical manifestations reflecting the underlying early immune dysregulation and microangiopathy, as…
88 Giant Cell Arteritis, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, and Takayasu’s Arteritis David B. Hellmann Key Points Giant cell arteritis affects adults older than 50 years. The most common manifestations of giant cell…
113 Rheumatic Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection John D. Reveille, Emily W. Hung Key Points With patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) living longer as a result of more…
23 Complement System John P. Atkinson Key Points The complement system is activated in the joints in rheumatoid arthritis and in vessel walls in vasculitis. Autoantibodies may activate the complement…
10 Mononuclear Phagocytes in Rheumatic Diseases Siamon Gordon Key Points Macrophages play an important role in tissue homeostasis and in cellular and humoral innate and adaptive immunity. Macrophages, dendritic cells,…
