Capillaroscopy
Fig. 11.1 A videocapillaroscope that is used in detecting the microcirculation at the level of the nailfold bed Capillaroscopic Detection of the Early Microvascular Alterations That Are Markers of Secondary…
Use of Biopsy
Clinical presentation Biopsy technique Biopsy site Direct immunofluorescence biopsy site Comments Blisters/bullae Punch biopsy Edge of the blister or entire blister Punch biopsy of perilesional skin or normal skin adjacent…
Chilblain Lupus Erythematosus
Fig. 2.1 Chilblain lupus erythematosus. (a) Symmetrically distributed, violet lesions with single erythematous papules and plaques involving acral locations of fingers. (b) Circumscribed, papulonodular, painful, bluish-red lesions at distal part…
