52. Symons JD, Jacobs I. High-intensity exercise performance is not impaired by low intramuscular glycogen. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1989;21:550–7.CrossRefPubMed 53. Balsom PD, Gaitanos GC, Soderlund K, Ekblom B. High-intensity…
Reference Subjects Study design Duration Nutrient Outcome/comments Schoenfeld et al. [65] • 23 studies (n = 525) examining strength • 20 studies (n = 478) examining hypertrophy Meta-analysis N/A Protein • Strength: no effect…
Nutrient Theoretical ergogenic value Summary of research findings/recommendations Creatine Creatine is a naturally occurring amino acid that is derived from the amino acids glycine, arginine, and methionine. When creatine enters…
8 oz. sports drink 8 oz. orange juice 8 oz. water Calories 50 112 0 Protein (g) 0 2 0 Carb (g) 14 27 0 Fat (g) 0 0…
Life stage group Vitamin A (μg/day)a Vitamin C (mg/day) Vitamin D (μg/day)b,c Vitamin E (mg/day)d Vitamin K (μg/day) Thiamin (mg/day) Riboflavin (mg/day) Niacin (mg/day)e Vitamin B6 (mg/day) Folate (μg/day)f Vitamin…
Essential amino acids Conditionally essential amino acids Nonessential amino acids Isoleucine Arginine Alanine Leucinea Cysteine (cystine) Asparagine Lysine Glutamine Aspartic acid Methionine Histidine Citrulline Phenylalanine Proline Glutamic acid Threonine Taurine…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Mike Greenwood, Matthew B. Cooke, Tim Ziegenfuss, Douglas S. Kalman and Jose Antonio (eds.)Nutritional Supplements in Sports and Exercise10.1007/978-3-319-18230-8_1 1. Effect of Government Regulation on the Evolution of Sports Nutrition Rick Collins1 and Douglas S. Kalman2 …
Nonessential Essential Conditionally essential Alanine Isoleucine Arginine Asparagine Leucine Cysteine Aspartic acid Lysine Glutamine Glutamic acid Methionine Histidine Glycine Phenylalanine Proline Serine Threonine Tyrosine Tryptophan Valine Adapted from [5, 6]…
5. Greenway FL. The safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical and herbal caffeine and ephedrine use as a weight loss agent. Obes Rev. 2001;2:199–211.PubMed 6. Young R, Glennon RA. Discriminative stimulus…
Fig. 9.1 Lateral X-ray of the elbow showing a supracondylar fracture Fig. 9.2 Ossification centers in a skeletally immature elbow Lateral Condyle Fractures Lateral condyle fractures are the second most…
