General Prevention Principles of Injuries
Fig. 4.1 The figure of four, an example of static stretching Static stretching increases range of motion (ROM) and can also decrease musculotendinous stiffness, even during short-duration (5–30 s) stretches…
General Considerations on Sports-Related Injuries
Number of different sports/events Number of registered athletes Incidence of injuries per 1000 registered athletes Percentage of time-loss injuries Main location or diagnoses Main causes Disciplines with higher injury…
Major Causes of Sports Injuries
Fig. 2.1 Injury depends on interdependent factors: intrinsic and extrinsic Fig. 2.2 Distribution of sports practiced in the world Through the decades and the centuries, the world of sports has…
Nutritional Supplements to Enhance Recovery
Oral rehydration and electrolyte balance • Traditional oral rehydration solutions are made according to World Health Organization guidelines for the prevention and treatment of dehydration during diarrhea or gastroenteritis. For…
Nutritional Supplements for Endurance Athletes
Low GI Moderate GI High GI Food GI Food GI Food GI Chana dal 8 Apple juice 40 Life Savers™ 70 Peanuts 14 Snickers™ 41 White bread 70 Plain yogurt…
Fluid Balance and Hydration for Human Performance
Children Females 1–3 years 1.3 9–13 years 2.1 4–8 years 1.7 14–18 years 2.3 19–70+ years 2.7 Males 9–13 years 2.4 Pregnancy 3 14–18 years 3.3 Lactation 3.8 19–70+…
Exercise for Athletes with Diabetes
Contraindicated exercise Recommended exercise Swimming Treadmill Bicycling Prolonged walking Rowing Jogging Chair exercises Step exercises Arm exercises Other non-weight-bearing exercises 15.6.3 Autonomic Neuropathy The presence of autonomic neuropathy may limit…
Effective Nutritional Supplement Combinations
Fig. 9.1 The main roles of the PCr–Cr system are illustrated in this figure. The first is that of a temporal energy buffer for ATP regeneration achieved via anaerobic degradation…
The Psychology of Supplementation in Sport and Exercise: Motivational Antecedents and Biobehavioral Outcomes
On May 23, 2012, we lost an incredible colleague and friend, Dr. Rafer S. Lutz, to mucosal melanoma at the age of 42. Rafer was one of the kindest and…
Beyond the Obvious: Future Innovations in Sports Nutrition
56. Green AL, Simpson EJ, Littlewood JJ, Macdonald IA, Greenhaff PL. Carbohydrate ingestion augments creatine retention during creatine feeding in humans. Acta Physiol Scand. 1996;158:195–202.CrossRefPubMed 57. Kerksick CM, Wilborn CD,…
