Musculoskeletal Key

Severe grade Less 1 % factor Spontaneous bleeding <0.01 Ui/ml Joints and muscles Moderate grade 1–5 % factor Occasional spontaneous bleeding. 0.01–0.05 Ui/ml Bleeding with surgery or trauma Mild grade…

Fig. 11.1 Total knee replacement (TKR) in a patient with hemophilia. Pharmacological thromboprophylaxis was not used: anteroposterior preoperative radiograph (a). Intraoperative view (b). Anteroposterior postoperative radiograph (c). Lateral postoperative view…

Fig. 5.1 Shoulder AP radiograph of a patient with pain and bleed episodes who has developed moderate degenerative changes with cysts in the humeral head and glenoid Fig. 5.2 Shoulder…

Fig. 1.1 Irreversible flexion contracture of the knee, secondary to multiple hemarthroses. Note the posterior subluxation of the tibia associated with the problem Fig. 1.2 Clinical appearance of severe hemophilic…

Fig. 6.1 Anteroposterior (a) and lateral (b) radiograph of the elbow showing slightly decrease of the joint line width, subchondral cysts, and mild widening of the trochlear notch (corresponding to…

Severity Factor levels (FVIII/FIX) (%) Clinical pattern Severe <1 Severe. Spontaneous Moderate 1–4 Moderate. Severe in surgery Mild 5–25 Mild. After surgery Joint hemorrhage (hemarthrosis), without a correct treatment, predisposes…

Hematological treatment Rest and splinting Ice Analgesia Arthrocentesis (joint aspiration) Arterial embolization 3.2.1 Hematological Treatment On-demand therapy with a plasma-derived or recombinant FVIII or FIX concentrate is the first-line treatment…