Thoracolumbar Spine and Lower Extremity Fractures
Thoracolumbar Spine and Lower Extremity Fractures Ernest L. Sink John M. Flynn FRACTURES OF THE THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINE Clinical Features. Spine fractures in children represent 1% to 2% of…
The Child with a Limb Deficiency
The Child with a Limb Deficiency Richard E. Bowen Norman Y. Otsuka DEFINITION Generally speaking, limb deficiency is defined as the loss of any part of a limb. This can…
The Upper Limb
The Upper Limb Donald S. Bae Peter M. Waters The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the evaluation and treatment of common congenital differences, traumatic and posttraumatic conditions, neuromuscular…
The Principles of Pediatric Fracture and Trauma Care
The Principles of Pediatric Fracture and Trauma Care Martin J. Herman James J. McCarthy INTRODUCTION Fractures are common in children. Nearly one of three children will have at least one…
Limb-Length Discrepancy
Limb-Length Discrepancy Matthew A. Halanski Kenneth J. Noonan INTRODUCTION The child with a leg-length discrepancy presents a variety of challenges to the treating orthopaedist who must understand the natural history…
Other Conditions of the Hip
Other Conditions of the Hip Matthew B. Dobbs José A. Morcuende COXA VARA Definition. Coxa vara is defined as any decrease in the femoral neck-shaft angle below the normal. Coxa…
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis Robert M. Kay Young-Jo Kim Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is defined as the displacement of the femoral head relative to the femoral neck and shaft….
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Syndrome
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Syndrome Stuart L. Weinstein Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease remains one of the most controversial topics in all of pediatric orthopaedic surgery. The debate about its etiology and pathogenesis continues, and there…
The Cervical Spine
The Cervical Spine Randall T. Loder Many of the diseases and congenital anomalies affecting the pediatric cervical spine are simply a reflection of aberrant growth and developmental processes. This chapter…
Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy H. Kerr Graham Pam Thomason Tom F. Novacheck INTRODUCTION Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common cause of physical disability affecting children in developed countries. The prevalence is…
