Oral Rehydration Therapy
Oral Rehydration Therapy Christopher Duggan Julius G. K. Goepp Mathuram Santosham Acute gastroenteritis continues to be a leading cause of child mortality in the world. In developing nations, an estimated…
Motility Disorders
Motility Disorders Ellen L. Blank Movement of nutrients through the gut results from coordinated contractions of the intestinal smooth muscles. Gastrointestinal motility is regulated by myogenic, neural, and neuroendocrine input…
Intussusception
Intussusception Mary L. Brandt Intussusception is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in infants aged 3 months to 3 years. Intussusception rarely occurs in the first month of life…
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Peptic Ulcer Disease Kathleen J. Motil Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is an ulcerative condition of the stomach or duodenum that may be accompanied by mucosal inflammation. PUD is classified as…
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Gastrointestinal Bleeding Marilyn R. Brown Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in children is a common and occasionally life-threatening occurrence. The physician first determines if the child has bled. If the child has…
Inguinal Hernia
Inguinal Hernia Charles N. Paidas Mark L. Kayton Groin bulges, some of which represent inguinal hernias, are a common reason for visits to primary care physicians and emergency rooms and…
Chronic Nonspecific Diarrhea of Childhood
Chronic Nonspecific Diarrhea of Childhood William J. Klish Chronic nonspecific diarrhea of childhood (also called protracted diarrhea or irritable bowel syndrome) is a common and often frustrating problem seen in…
Functional Constipation and Encopresis
Functional Constipation and Encopresis William J. Klish Chronic constipation is a common complaint in children. It accounts for 3% of office visits to a primary care physician and 20% to…
Normal Gastrointestinal Function
Normal Gastrointestinal Function Mark A. Gilger The gastrointestinal (GI) tract has many functions—digestion, absorption, and secretion, as well as endocrine and immunologic functions. This system can be thought of as…
Urolithiasis
Urolithiasis Arundhati S. Kale L. Leighton Hill Marked variation exists in the incidence of urinary tract stones in children worldwide. In some countries, such as Turkey and Thailand, urolithiasis is…
