Vertebral Column Resection for Severe Rigid Spinal Deformity through an All Posterior Approach Michael P. Kelly Lukas P. Zebala Lawrence G. Lenke DEFINITION Posterior vertebral column resection (VCR) entails the…
Opening Wedge Thoracoplasty and Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib Insertion for Congenital Scoliosis and Fused Ribs Robert M. Campbell Jr. DEFINITION This procedure lengthens the concave constricted hemithorax through a…
Decompression, Posterolateral, and Interbody Fusion for High-Grade Spondylolisthesis Nanjundappa S. Harshavardhana Dino Colo John P. Dormans DEFINITION Spondylolisthesis is derived from the Greek words (spondylo = spine and olisthesis =…
Rib to Pelvis Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib Insertion to Manage Neuromuscular Scoliosis Anish G. R. Potty John M. Flynn DEFINITION Vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib (VEPTR) has gained enormous…
Hemivertebra Excision Daniel J. Hedequist Michael P. Glotzbecker DEFINITION A hemivertebra is a congenital anomaly of the spine that forms during the 8th to 12th weeks of embryologic development. It…
Growing Rod Instrumentation for Early-Onset Scoliosis Christine M. Goodbody John M. Flynn DEFINITION Early-onset scoliosis (EOS) is defined by the diagnosis of scoliosis at or before the age of 5…
Spinal Fusion for Neuromuscular Scoliosis Kirk W. Dabney Freeman Miller DEFINITION Neuromuscular diseases are heterogeneous between and within diseases and are due to a vast number of pathologies involving the…
Casting for Early-Onset Scoliosis James O. Sanders DEFINITION Early-onset scoliosis is defined as scoliosis occurring by age 5 years. The term was developed because it is more likely associated with…
Pelvic Fixation for Neuromuscular Scoliosis Jaysson T. Brooks Paul D. Sponseller DEFINITION Neuromuscular scoliosis (NMS) is a spinal deformity in the coronal plane in patients with abnormal myoneural pathways of…
Thoracoscopic Release and Fusion for Scoliosis Daniel J. Sucato Matthew D. Abbott DEFINITION Thoracoscopy provides the ability to gain access to the thoracic spine via small incisions (portals). Anterior release…
