Bone Graft Substitutes/Biologics
70 Bone Graft Substitutes/Biologics Alex Gitelman, Rahul Basho, Brandon J. Rebholz, Beck D. McAllister, and Jeffrey C. Wang Bone grafts have been used in orthopedic surgery since the 1800s. Early…
Lumbar Degenerative Spondylolisthesis
31 Lumbar Degenerative Spondylolisthesis Vincent J. Devlin and Matthew R. Eager Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis is defined as the anterior subluxation of one vertebra relative to the adjacent inferior vertebra in…
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
30 Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Gregory Gebauer and D. Greg Anderson Lumbar spinal stenosis involves narrowing of the spinal canal and is a common condition among older adults with spondylosis. Some…
Cervical Myelopathy: Anterior Approach
19 Cervical Myelopathy: Anterior Approach Gregory Gebauer, Alan S. Hilibrand, and Maurice Goins Myelopathy is a constellation of symptoms resulting from spinal cord dysfunction due to compression on the spinal…
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis
26 Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis Kornelis A. Poelstra Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), or Forestier disease, is a fairly common (up to 28% of elderly patients) degenerative disorder of unknown…
Primary Spinal Tumors
46 Primary Spinal Tumors Rex A. W. Marco Primary bone tumors are those originating in bone (rather than metastasizing to bone). The treatment of benign and malignant primary spinal column…
Lumbar Injections and Procedures
35 Lumbar Injections and Procedures Sapan D. Gandhi and D. Greg Anderson Because of their high prevalence and debilitating nature, low back pain and radiculopathy have important social, economic, and…
Atypical Infections of the Spine: Tuberculosis and Fungal
50 Atypical Infections of the Spine: Tuberculosis and Fungal Sergey G. Mlyavykh Tuberculosis (TB) and fungal infections are the most common atypical spine infections. Since the advent of antitubercular drugs…
Intervertebral Disk Arthroplasty of the Lumbar Spine
63 Intervertebral Disk Arthroplasty of the Lumbar Spine Fernando J. Checo, Larry Lee, and Harvey E. Smith Chronic lower back pain (CLBP) is an ailment of high prevalence in the…
Thoracic Disk Herniation
27 Thoracic Disk Herniation Matthew G. Zmurko Thoracic disk herniations are less frequent than cervical and lumbar herniations because the thoracic spine has increased stability provided by the thoracic rib…
