Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) resulted in a positive short-term outcome clinically with low treatment-related toxicity. However, early conditioning regimens were of low immunoablative…
Gene therapy holds great promise for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this article, we focus on innovation in vector, promoter or target genes. Gene therapy is defined as…
There has been renewed interest in the B cell as a target for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over the past decade. Efficacy with rituximab has been demonstrated in…
The Identification of key players of inflammation and pathologic immune response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has resulted in the development of novel therapeutic strategies revolutionising the treatment of disease. However,…
The spectrum of arthritis ranges from erosive (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis) to ossifying disease with formation of new bone (e.g., ankylosing spondylitis and osteoarthritis). The molecular basis for these different patterns…
CP-690,550 is an orally active and selective inhibitor of the janus kinase (JAK) molecules. The molecular pathways through which the JAK moieties function are described along with the clinical mechanisms…
Therapeutic tolerance embraces the concept of ‘switching off’ immunopathology by specifically targeting elements of the immune system. It has been achievable in preclinical models of transplantation and auto-immunity for more…
Current therapeutics for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) offer limited efficacy in a restricted number of patients. There is, therefore, an unmet clinical need for the development of more…
Full activation and differentiation of resting T cells into effector T cells requires at least two signals, the first through engagement of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) by the…
In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), early use of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), intensive follow-up and ‘treating to target’ to achieve low disease activity produce significant improvements in measures of disease activity,…
