Adaptive Alpine Skiing and Para-snowboarding
Fig. 23.1 (a) Photograph courtesy of Brian J. Juriga. (b) Photograph courtesy of Brian J. Juriga Para-alpine skiing has six different disciplines as follows [1–7]: downhill, super G, slalom, giant…
Wheelchair Sports Technology and Biomechanics
Fig. 2.1 The basic components of sports wheelchairs are the wheels, casters, footrests, backrest, and seat In order to meet the needs of a variety of different wheelchair sports, wheelchairs…
History of Adaptive and Disabled Rights within Society, Thus Creating the Fertile Soil to Grow, Adaptive Sports
Fig. 1.1 The hospital for lunatics. Bethlem Hospital, London: the incurables. More from english-heritage.org.uk/ Early Wars and the Advance of Disabled Rights These incremental recognitions of the civil rights of…
Power (Wheelchair) Soccer
Argentina○ Germany Singapore Australia○ Hong Kong South Korea* Austria○ India Spain○ Belgium*♦ Ireland○ Switzerland○ Brazil○ Italy Turkey Canada*○ Japan*○ United States of America*○ Denmark*○ New Zealand Uruguay○ England*○ Poland Wales…
Adaptive Water Sports
LTA: leg, trunk, and arms Athletes who are able to use their legs, trunk, and arms to propel the boat as well as are able to use the sliding seat….
Wheelchair Tennis and Para-table Tennis
Picture 1 ITF recommended minimum dimensions for multiple tennis courts in international competitions. (Reproduced with permission from the ITF and available at http://www.itftennis.com/technical/facilities/facilities-guide/site-plan.aspx) Lines on the court [1]: Baselines: Lines…
Wheelchair Basketball
Fig. 12.1 Nationals team pic Disability Groups and Classifications The majority of wheelchair athletes have suffered from spinal cord injuries. A smaller percentage of athletes also suffer from limb deficiency,…
Wheelchair Rugby
Fig. 13.1 Wheelchair Rugby Team. Photo Courtesy of Tiffanie Miner; Permission of use granted by Tiffanie Miner History Originally called murderball, wheelchair rugby was invented in 1977 in Winnipeg, Canada….
Wheelchair Curling
Picture 18.1 Curling action from the World Wheelchair Curling Championship 2016. ©World Curling Federation/Céline Stucki Equipment The Sheet Wheelchair curling is played on an ice surface called a “sheet” (Picture…
Adaptive Throwing Sports: Discus, Javelin, Shot Put, and Boccia
Amputee Cerebral palsy Visual impairment Spinal cord injury Intellectual disability Les Autres (“The Others,” including dwarfism and multiple sclerosis) The International Paralympic Committee Classification Code provides a universal template for…
