Introduction Abundant research has elucidated the many biomechanical and functional characteristics of the meniscus, including its role in providing translational stability, rotational stability, proprioception and absorption of a significant proportion…
Introduction The biomechanical properties of the menisci have been extensively studied. Once thought to be a functionless structure akin to an embryonic remnant, it is now recognised that the menisci…
Introduction After the ‘rediscovery’ of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) by Claes et al. in 2013, there was considerable controversy regarding whether this structure even existed. Several authors reported that they were…
Anatomy and Function The lateral aspect of the knee is composed of 28 unique structures that act as static and dynamic stabilisers of the knee during varus and rotational motion….
Introduction Multiligament knee injuries (MLKIs) are a challenging clinical entity because of the increased number of ligaments involved, associated injuries, diagnosis, decision making about the optimal treatment and rehabilitation. These…
Three-Dimensional Modelling and Printing in the Complex Knee There is a rapidly growing interest in three-dimensional (3D) modelling and printing in orthopaedic surgery. Advancements in imaging technology with the advent…
Introduction This chapter describes the clinical background for medial knee instability and the indications for surgical treatment of medial collateral ligament (MCL) and posteromedial corner injuries. Historically, treatment of acute…
Introduction The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is the largest and strongest ligament in the knee, with a unique innate healing capacity. Therefore, as opposed to other ligaments such as the…
Anatomy Two functional bundles of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the anteromedial (AM) and posterolateral (PL), were first described in 1836 ( Fig. 6.1 ). On the femoral insertion site,…
Introduction Complex knee injuries are an orthopaedic problem that require knowledge not only of soft tissue anatomy but also lower limb biomechanics and alignment to establish an appropriate management plan…
