Intra-Articular Lesions Aaron A. Bare MD Carlos A. Guanche MD Key Points When a pathologic process alters the function of the homeostatic chemical and mechanical forces within the hip joint,…

Hip Arthroscopy Michael H. Dienst MD Key Points Various anatomical features make placement of portals and movement of the arthroscope and instruments within the hip more difficult than in other…

Hip Morphology and Related Pathology J.W. Thomas Byrd MD Key Points Development dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a morphological condition that makes the hip vulnerable to an intra-articular lesion…

Anatomy and Kinematics of the Hip Mark R. Hutchinson MD John Hung MD J.W. Thomas Byrd MD Key Points Normal range of motion of the hip is measured from a…

Throwing Injuries Walter A. Thomas MD Heinz R. Hoenecke MD Jan FronekD MD Key Points Specific questions of an overhead athlete should include the type of throwing, level of competition,…

Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair James C. Esch MD Jeffrey W. Tamborlane MD Key Points The glenohumeral space and arcomiohumeral distance are carefully evaluated on the anteroposterior (AP) radiograph for arthritis,…

Principles of Shoulder Rehabilitation Benjamin D. Rubin MD, MS Key Points The shoulder functions in the context of a kinetic chain, a series of links and segments activated sequentially in…

Pectoralis Major Tendon Ruptures George K. Bal MD, FACS Carl J. Basamania MD Key Points The pectoralis major muscle demonstrates two distinctively different parts—the clavicular head and the sternal head….

Biceps Tendon Paul C. Brady MD Keith D. Nord MD, MS Stephen S. Burkhart MD Key Points The long head of the biceps (LHB) originates at and around the supraglenoid…

Acute Injuries: Shoulder Fractures and Acromioclavicular and Sternoclavicular Joint Injuries Robert Talac MD, PHD Joel J. Smith MD Key Points The most common cause of a proximal humerus fracture is…