Fig. 18.1 Arthro-CT showing an anterior Hill-Sachs lesion and a posterior Bankart lesion The pathogenesis of atraumatic posterior instability is a subject of debate, and several anatomical structures are involved…

Fig. 5.1 Axial CT view of patient with posterior boy Bankart lesion following traumatic posterior instability event (arrow). Hemarthrosis secondary to trauma is also visible intra-articularly Fig. 5.2 Axial view…

Fig. 4.1 The view from posterior demonstrates the anterior shifting of the humeral head on the glenoid with minimal force in this right shoulder Fig. 4.2 In this view from…

Fig. 12.1 The canula through anterior portal Fig. 12.2 To establish the anterolateral superior portal. (a) a spine needle anterior to the supraspinatus tendon; (b) a switching stick through the…

Grad  0 Normal cartilage 1a Intact surface, fibrillation, and/or cartilage softening 1b Additional superficial lacerations/fissures 2 <50% of cartilage thickness affected 3a >50% of cartilage thickness affected, not involving the…

Fig. 22.1 Anatomy of the glenoid cavity showing the superior labral complex, anterior, posterior, and inferior Fig. 22.2 Anatomy showing the vasculature of the superior labrum complex (From: Cooper et…

Fig. 7.1 Lateral decubitus position with abduction and lateral traction arm holder Additionally a role is placed in the axilla to enable the surgeon to have a clear and good…

Fig. 25.1 (a, b) Arthroscopic images from the posterior viewing portal demonstrating an upper border tear of the subscapularis (a) before and (b) after a posterior lever push. The posteriorly…