The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is, as the name implies, a complex, three-dimensional confluence of multiple ligamentous structures, a fibrocartilaginous disk, and several bony insertion sites located at the ulnar…
Elbow injuries in athletes whose sport involves throwing are often the result of high valgus and extension forces that act on the elbow during the throwing motion. These forces place…
Hand The human hand is the athlete’s tactile connection to his or her sport. Our hands are virtually linked to every sport via a handle, a stick, a glove, or…
Acute and chronic disorders of the elbow are frequently observed in both recreational and professional athletes, particularly athletes who participate in sports that involve throwing. Although clinicians most frequently evaluate…
Peripheral compressive neuropathies, also known as entrapment neuropathies, may result from mechanical compression of the nerve by an anatomic structure, extrinsic mass, fluid imbalance, or inflammatory process. Beyond a critical…
Conventional Radiography Conventional radiography is and should be the initial imaging examination performed for a patient presenting with shoulder pain. Although radiographs provide limited evaluation of the rotator cuff and…
Since their introduction in 1922, arthroscopic and endoscopic techniques have revolutionized orthopaedic treatment. Their utility in the shoulder and knee is well described, but widespread application of arthroscopic techniques in…
Lateral and medial epicondylitis are common elbow tendinopathies involving tendon origins that most commonly present in middle age. These entities are typically self-limited, with a multitude of conservative and operative…
Historical Perspective A description of rotator cuff pathology is found in the earliest surgical text, the Edwin Smith Papyrus (ca. 1500 bce ). Subsequently, throughout ancient and modern history, multiple…
Distal Biceps Tendon Rupture In 1941, Dobbie was the first to report the results of surgical reattachment of the distal biceps tendon. He recommended routine tenodesis of the biceps to…
