Three-Dimensional Modelling and Printing in the Complex Knee There is a rapidly growing interest in three-dimensional (3D) modelling and printing in orthopaedic surgery. Advancements in imaging technology with the advent…
Introduction This chapter describes the clinical background for medial knee instability and the indications for surgical treatment of medial collateral ligament (MCL) and posteromedial corner injuries. Historically, treatment of acute…
Introduction The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is the largest and strongest ligament in the knee, with a unique innate healing capacity. Therefore, as opposed to other ligaments such as the…
Anatomy Two functional bundles of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the anteromedial (AM) and posterolateral (PL), were first described in 1836 ( Fig. 6.1 ). On the femoral insertion site,…
Introduction Complex knee injuries are an orthopaedic problem that require knowledge not only of soft tissue anatomy but also lower limb biomechanics and alignment to establish an appropriate management plan…
Acknowledgement The authors thank Dr John W. Read for his contribution to this chapter in giving permission and rights to many of the images, which are taken from the book…
MRI Basics Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a noninvasive means by which to achieve excellent visualisation of soft tissues with additional sensitivity to pathological bone marrow changes within the knee….
Introduction Before the incorporation of advanced imaging modalities into routine clinical practice, clinicians were dependent on a detailed clinical history and examination for formulation of a treatment plan. Many examination…
Key Points • The origin of a posttraumatic wrist joint stiffness can be either extra-articular, intraarticular, or both. • Surgical arthrolysis is a viable option that can be performed via…
Key Points • Diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is challenging and remains a hot topic of debate as despite decades of research, the etiology remains entirely unclear. •…
